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Smiling Babies

• Babies smile during sleep from the day they’re born.
• Infant smiles have nothing to do with gas.
• Your baby will respond to, and smile at, auditory stimulus (such as your voice) before visual.
• At two to three months, your baby starts to look right at you when she smiles.
• By six months, your baby will have different smiles – open mouth smiles usually indicate more joy than closed.

Baby's First TV

• Children under age two should avoid watching TV whenever possible.
• Children who watch a lot of television during their early years are at an increased risk of childhood obesity, poor social development and aggressive behavior.
• Set a TV time limit, such as no more than 30 to 60 minutes a day, and stick to it.
• The average two- to five-year-old spends 4.5 hours a day watching TV or DVDs.
• TV and DVD watching is on the rise, but the viewing of quality children’s programming, such as Sesame Street, is actually declining.

Toddler Power Struggles

• Power struggles are how children push the envelope so they can learn boundaries in different situations.
• When you increase the intensity of your reaction to stop a power struggle, it can be scary for your child.
• You can back out of a power struggle and prevent a total tantrum by simply going silent for 10 to 60 seconds.
• Your silence captures your child's attention and shows him that you're calm and in control.
• As long as the silence isn't punitive, it quickly becomes more powerful than arguing.

Handling Temper Tantrums

• Early temper tantrums are emotional outbursts that occur when a child becomes frustrated.
• Temper tantrums are more likely to occur if a child is tired or hungry.
• As your toddler gets closer to two years, it will take more than simple distraction to ease a temper tantrum.
• Avoid positive reinforcement and limit the attention you give to temper tantrums.
• Don't take it personally if your child is prone to temper tantrums.

Tracking Milestones

• Developmental milestones are averages and should be used as a general guide.
• "Windows of opportunity" are periods of time when your child is most primed for learning.
• The first two years of your child's life are crucial for all levels of her development.
• The window of opportunity for reading skills is 0-48 months, which is why it's important to read to your baby right from the start.
• Taking advantage of windows of opportunity will help your child reach important developmental milestones and lay the foundation for future learning.